This research project also is supported by the University Emphasis Research Institute Support Program (2018R1A6A1A03023584) from the National Research Foundation of Korea. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.įunding: This study was supported by the Marine Bio-Regional Specialization Leading Technology Development Program (D11413914H480000100) funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries in Korea.
Received: SeptemAccepted: JanuPublished: February 19, 2019Ĭopyright: © 2019 Monmai et al.
Roberts, Center for Cancer Research, UNITED STATES Furthermore, CFAMs may also be used as a bio-functional and pharmaceutical material for improving human health and immunity.Ĭitation: Monmai C, You S, Park WJ (2019) Immune-enhancing effects of anionic macromolecules extracted from Codium fragile on cyclophosphamide-treated mice. These suggested CFAMs can be used as a potent immunomodulatory material under immune-suppressive condition. Moreover, our results showed CFAMs mediated its immune-enhancing effects via the MAPK pathway. CFAMs also considerably stimulated immune-associated gene expression in peritoneal macrophages. Additionally, CFAMs boosted the proliferation, NO production, and phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages. The expression of immune-associated genes was highly upregulated in splenic lymphocytes, and gene expression was differently regulated according to mitogens such as T-cell (Con A) and B-cell (LPS) mitogens.
CFAMs improved the splenic lymphocyte proliferation, NK cell activity, and spleen index. Anionic macromolecules (CFAMs) were isolated from the seaweed Codium fragile, and its immune-enhancing biological activities were examined in CY-induced immunosuppressed mice. Immune-regulation and homeostasis are critical in cancer therapy and immunomodulatory biomaterials have been used to decrease side effects of immunosuppressant drugs.
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